Fetal Fibronectin Rapid Test

NTENDED USE
The StrongStep^® PROM test is a visually interpreted immunochromatographic test intended to be used for the qualitative detection of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretions. The presence of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretions between 22 weeks, 0 days and 34 weeks, 6 days of gestation is associated with elevated risk of preterm delivery.

TRODUCTION
Preterm delivery, defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists as delivery prior to the 37th week of gestation, is responsible for the majority of non-chromosomal perinatal morbidity and mortality. Symptoms of threatened preterm delivery include uterine contractions, change of vaginal discharge,vaginal bleeding, backache, abdominal discomfort, pelvic pressure, and cramping. Diagnostic modalities for identification of threatened preterm delivery include uterine activity monitoring and performance of a digital cervical examination, which allows estimation of cervical dimensions. These methods have been shown to be limited, as minimal cervical dilatation (< 3 centimeters) and uterine activity occur normally and are not necessarily diagnostic of imminent preterm delivery. While several serum biochemical markers have been evaluated, none have been widely accepted for practical clinical use.

Fetal fibronectin (fFN), an isoform of fibronectin, is a complex adhesive glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 500,000 daltons. Matsuura and co-workers have described a monoclonal antibody called FDC-6, which specifically recognizes III-CS, the region defining the fetal isoform of fibronectin. Immunohistochemical studies of placentae have shown that fFN is confined to the extracellular matrix of the region defining the junction of the maternal and fetal units within the uterus.

Fetal fibronectin can be detected in cervicovaginal secretions of women throughout pregnancy by use of a monoclonal antibodybased immunoassay. Fetal fibronectin is elevated in cervicovaginal secretions during early pregnancy but is diminished from 22 to 35 weeks in normal pregnancies. The significance of its presence in the vagina during the early weeks of pregnancy is not understood. However, it may simply reflect the normal growth of the extravillous trophoblast population and the placenta. Detection of fFN in cervicovaginal secretions between 22 weeks, 0 days and 34 weeks, 6 days gestation is reported to be associated with preterm delivery in symptomatic and between 22 weeks, 0 days and 30 weeks, 6 days in asymptomatic pregnant women.

PRINCIPLE
The StrongStep^® fFN Test uses color immunochromatographic, capillary flow technology. The test procedure requires the solubilization of fFN from a vaginal swab by mixing the swab in Sample Buffer. Then the mixed sample buffer is added to the test cassette sample well and the mixture migrates along the membrane surface. If fFN is present in the sample, it will form a complex with the primary anti- fFN antibody conjugated to colored particles. The complex will then be bound by a second anti- fFN antibody coated on the nitrocellulose membrane. The appearance of a visible test line along with the control line will indicate a positive result.

KIT COMPONENTS

MATERIALS REQUIRED BUT NOT PROVIDED

PRECAUTIONS
■ For professional in vitro diagnostic use only.
■ Do not use after expiration date indicated on the package. Do not use the test if its foil pouch is damaged. Do not reuse tests.
■ This kit contains products of animal origin. Certified knowledge of the origin and/or sanitary state of the animals does not totally guarantee the absence of transmissible pathogenic agents. It is therefore, recommended that these products be treated as potentially infectious, and handled observing the usual safety precautions (do not ingest or inhale).
■ Avoid cross-contamination of specimens by using a new specimen collection container for each specimen obtained.
■ Read the entire procedure carefully prior to performing any tests.
■ Do not eat, drink or smoke in the area where the specimens and kits are handled. Handle all specimens as if they contain infectious agents. Observe established precautions against microbiological hazards throughout the procedure and follow the standard procedures for proper disposal of specimens. Wear protective clothing such as laboratory coats, disposable gloves and eye protection when specimens are assayed.
■ Do not interchange or mix reagents from different lots. Do not mix solution bottle caps.
■  Humidity and temperature can adversely affect results.
■ When the assay procedure is completed, dispose the swabs carefully after autoclaving them at 121°C for at least 20 minutes. Alternatively, they can be treated with 0.5% sodium hypochloride (or house-hold bleach) for one hour before disposal. The used testing materials should be discarded in accordance with local, state and/or federal regulations.
■ Do not use cytology brushes with pregnant patients.

STORAGE AND STABILITY
■ The kit should be stored at 2-30°C until the expiry date printed on the sealed pouch.
■ The test must remain in the sealed pouch until use.
■ Do not freeze.
■ Cares should be taken to protect components in this kit from contamination. Do not use if there is evidence of microbial contamination or precipitation. Biological contamination of dispensing equipments, containers or reagents can lead to false results.

PECIMEN COLLECTION AND STORAGE
■ Use only Dacron or Rayon tipped sterile swabs with plastic shafts. It is recommend to use the swab supplied by the kits manufacturer(The swabs are not contained in this kit, for the ordering information, please contact the manufacturer or local distributor, the cataloge number is 207000). Swabs from other suppliers have not been validated. Swabs with cotton tips or wooden shafts are not recommended.
■ Cervicovaginal secretions are obtained from the posterior fornix of the vagina. The collection process is intended to be gentle. Vigorous or forceful collection, common for microbiological cultures, is not required. During a speculum examination, prior to any examination or manipulation of the cervix or the vaginal tract, lightly rotate the applicator tip across the posterior fornix of the vagina for approximately 10 seconds to absorb cervicovaginal secretions. Subsequent attempts to saturate the applicator tip may invalidate the test. Remove the applicator and perform the test as directed below.
■ Put the swab to the extraction tube, if the test may be run immediately. If immediate testing is not possible, the patient samples should be placed in a dry transport tube for storage or transport. The swabs may be stored for 24 hours at room temperature (15-30°C) or 1 week at 4°C or no more than 6 month at -20°C. All specimens should be allowed to reach a room temperature of 15-30°C before testing.

PROCEDURE
Bring tests, specimens, buffer and/or controls to room temperature (15-30°C) before use.
■ Place a clean Extraction tube in the designated area of the workstation. Add 1ml of Extraction Buffer to the extraction tube.
■ Put the specimen swab into the tube. Vigorously mix the solution by rotating the swab forcefully against the side of the tube for least ten times (while submerged). Best results are obtained when the specimen is vigorously mixed in the solution.
■ Squeeze out as much liquid as possible from the swab by pinching the side of the flexible extraction tube as the swab is removed. At least 1/2 of the sample buffer solution must remain in the tube for adequate capillary migration to occur. Put the cap onto the extracted tube.
Discard the swab in a suitable biohazardous waste container.
■ The specimens extracted can retain at room temperature for 60 minutes without affecting the result of the test.
■ Remove the test from its sealed pouch, and place it on a clean, level surface. Label the device with patient or control identification. To obtain a best result, the assay should be performed within one hour.
■ Add 3 drops (approximately 100 µl) of extracted sample from the Extraction Tube to the sample well on the test cassette.
Avoid trapping air bubbles in the specimen well (S), and do not drop any solution in observation window.
As the test begins to work, you will see color move across the membrane.
■ Wait for the colored band(s) to appear. The result should be read at 5 minutes. Do not interpret the result after 5 minutes.
Discard used test tubes and Test Cassettes in suitable biohazardous waste container.
NTERPRETATION OF RESULTS